The Capitol and Washington Monument are seen at dawn as the partial government shutdown lurches into a third week with President Donald Trump standing firm in his border wall funding demands, in Washington, on Jan. 7, 2019. After no weekend breakthrough to end a prolonged shutdown, newly empowered House Democrats are planning to step up pressure on Trump and Republican lawmakers to reopen the government. (AP Photo/J. Scott Applewhite)
(RNS) — As Americans gear up for a long and bitterly contentious presidential election year, their message to religious leaders and institutions couldn’t be clearer: Keep out.
That’s the finding in the latest Pew Research poll, which found that 63% of Americans say churches and other houses of worship should stay out of politics, and 76% said religious congregations should not make political endorsements.
“Most U.S. adults want religious groups to stay out of politics” Graphic courtesy of Pew Research Center
The poll, which Pew conducted online this past March from among 6,364 U.S. adults, also found that slightly more than half of U.S. adults say that the Republican Party is friendly toward religion (54%). Only one in five, (19%), think the Democratic Party is friendly toward religion. (According to Pew, Republican respondents said the Democratic Party is unfriendly toward religion, while most Democrats view their own party as neutral toward religion.)
“It used to be Republicans were viewed as friendly toward religion and Democrats were viewed as neutral,” said David Campbell, professor of American Democracy at the University of Notre Dame. “Now you see a growing number of people saying, no, the Democrats are unfriendly toward religion.”
“Just over half of Americans say GOP is friendly toward religion” Graphic courtesy of Pew Research Center
But the view that religion should not have as big a role in politics cut across religious faiths. Jews and the religiously unaffiliated are more likely than Christians to oppose mixing religion and politics. Even among Christians, however, 70% say churches and other houses of worship should not endorse candidates for political office, and more than half (54%) say churches should keep out of political matters.
Those views extend to the pulpit, too. While most people who attend religious services are satisfied with the amount of political discussion they’re hearing in sermons, they tend to trust clergy less on political hot-button issues.
Only 39% of people who attend religious services at least a few times a year have “a lot” of confidence in their clergy to provide useful guidance on abortion. They feel far less confident in clergy guidance on issues of immigration and climate change. Only 20% trusted their clergy’s guidance “a lot” on immigration issues and only 13% trusted their clergy’s advice “a lot” on climate change.
Catholics, in particular, are consistently less likely than Protestants to say they trust their clergy on all three issues.
“On abortion, for example, 34% of Catholics say they have a lot of trust in their clergy to provide guidance that helps form their opinion, compared with 46% of Protestants overall and 57% of evangelical Protestants who say this,” the report concluded.
“Religious service attenders more trusting of clergy’s advice on abortion than on immigration, climate change” Graphic courtesy of Pew Research Center
“Mainline Protestants (33%) and members of the historically black Protestant tradition (32%) look similar to Catholics on this question,” the report added.
At the same time, more than half of the public believes that religious congregations do more good than harm in American society; only 20% of Americans say religious organizations do more harm than good.
The poll also showed stark racial differences among Democrats in views on religion’s role in society: 57% of black Democrats say churches and religious organizations do more good than harm in American society. White Democrats were not so sure, with only about 39% agreeing that religious organizations do more good than harm.
African American Democrats also stood out for having the most negative views of the Trump administration toward religion, with 61% saying the administration was “unfriendly” toward religion — more than any other religious group.
“Their understanding of religion and politics is very different from what white Americans see it as,” said Tobin Grant, professor of political science at Southern Illinois University.
Claire Gecewicz, the lead researcher on the poll, said that while Pew has asked similar questions in the past, the methodologies were different. Past surveys were conducted by telephone; this survey was conducted online, and therefore there are no comparisons to be drawn with past data.
Campbell, who studies religion’s role in U.S. civic life, said the finding that 76% of Americans are uncomfortable with political endorsements is significant.
“I and others have found evidence that many Americans are actually leaving religion because of religious leaders who take political positions,” he said. “When we see that reflected in a poll like this, it’s yet another indication of the risk religious leaders take for their own congregations when they get involved with politics. They risk alienating people who would otherwise be in the pews.”
